Four Vs of Data
The state of the 4 Vs of data as they apply to materials informatics. Inspired by fig. 1 in https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:137734316.
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four-vs-of-data.tex (43 lines)
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\def\rA{3cm}
\def\rB{1.1 * \rA}
\def\s{1mm}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
thick, every path/.style={rounded corners=0.1},
direction/.style={->,shorten >=2mm,shorten <=2mm},
]
\begin{scope}[shift={(\s,\s)}]
\draw [fill=orange!20] (0:\rA) arc(0:90:\rA) |- cycle;
\draw [fill=orange!40] (0:\rA) arc(0:60:\rA) -- (0,0) -- cycle;
\node at (25:0.6*\rA) {Veracity};
\draw[direction] (0:\rB) arc(0:90:\rB) node[pos=0.05, above right] {high variance} node[pos=0.95, above right] {reference data};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[shift={(-\s,\s)}]
\draw [fill=blue!20] (90:\rA) arc(90:180:\rA) -| cycle;
\draw [fill=blue!40] (90:\rA) arc(90:100:\rA) -- (0,0) -- cycle;
\node at (150:0.6*\rA) {Volume};
\draw[direction] (90:\rB) arc(90:180:\rB) node[pos=0.05, above left] {kilobytes} node[pos=0.95, above left] {terabytes};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[shift={(-\s,-\s)}]
\draw [fill=green!20] (180:\rA) arc(180:270:\rA) |- cycle;
\draw [fill=green!40] (180:\rA) arc(180:190:\rA) -- (0,0) -- cycle;
\node at (230:0.6*\rA) {Velocity};
\draw[direction] (180:\rB) arc(-180:-90:\rB) node[pos=0.05, below left] {static} node[pos=0.95, below left] {dynamic};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[shift={(\s,-\s)}]
\draw [fill=yellow!20] (270:\rA) arc(270:360:\rA) -| cycle;
\draw [fill=yellow!40] (270:\rA) arc(270:290:\rA) -- (0,0) -- cycle;
\node at (330:0.6*\rA) {Variety};
\draw[direction] (270:\rB) arc(-90:0:\rB) node[pos=0.05, below right] {clustered} node[pos=0.95, below right] {heterogeneous};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Typst
four-vs-of-data.typ (100 lines)
#import "@preview/cetz:0.3.2": canvas, draw
#import "@preview/cetz-plot:0.1.1": chart
#set page(width: auto, height: auto, margin: 8pt)
#canvas({
import draw: *
let radius = 3
let arrow-radius = radius * 1.15 // Slightly larger for arrows
// Data structure for 8 slices (4 main + 4 darker sub-slices)
let data = (
// Veracity (orange, top right)
("veracity-main", 75, "Veracity", rgb("#FFA500").lighten(80%)),
("veracity-sub", 15, "", rgb("#FFA500").lighten(60%)),
// Volume (blue, top left)
("volume-main", 75, "Volume", rgb("#0000FF").lighten(80%)),
("volume-sub", 15, "", rgb("#0000FF").lighten(60%)),
// Velocity (green, bottom left)
("velocity-main", 75, "Velocity", rgb("#00FF00").lighten(80%)),
("velocity-sub", 15, "", rgb("#00FF00").lighten(60%)),
// Variety (yellow, bottom right)
("variety-main", 75, "Variety", rgb("#FFFF00").lighten(80%)),
("variety-sub", 15, "", rgb("#FFFF00").lighten(60%)),
)
// Draw main pie chart
chart.piechart(
data,
value-key: 1,
label-key: 2,
radius: radius,
slice-style: data.map(itm => itm.at(3)),
stroke: black + .8pt,
inner-label: (
content: (value, label) => text(weight: "regular")[#label],
radius: 120%,
),
outer-label: (
content: (),
),
legend: (label: ()),
)
let arrow-style = (
stroke: black + .8pt,
mark: (end: "stealth", fill: black, offset: 5pt, scale: .75),
)
// Draw curved arrows using arc
// Veracity arrow (top right, 0-90°)
arc(
(arrow-radius, 0),
start: 0deg,
stop: 90deg,
radius: arrow-radius,
..arrow-style,
name: "veracity",
)
content("veracity.5%", text(size: .8em)[high variance], anchor: "south-west", padding: 3pt)
content("veracity.95%", text(size: .8em)[reference data], anchor: "south-west", padding: 3pt)
// Volume arrow (top left, 90-180°)
arc(
(0, arrow-radius),
start: 90deg,
stop: 180deg,
radius: arrow-radius,
..arrow-style,
name: "volume",
)
content("volume.5%", text(size: .8em)[kilobytes], anchor: "south-east")
content("volume.95%", text(size: .8em)[terabytes], anchor: "south-east", padding: 3pt)
// Velocity arrow (bottom left, 180-270°)
arc(
(-arrow-radius, 0),
start: 180deg,
stop: 270deg,
radius: arrow-radius,
..arrow-style,
name: "velocity",
)
content("velocity.5%", text(size: .8em)[static], anchor: "east", padding: 3pt)
content("velocity.95%", text(size: .8em)[dynamic], anchor: "north-east", padding: 3pt)
// Variety arrow (bottom right, 270-360°)
arc(
(0, -arrow-radius),
start: 270deg,
stop: 360deg,
radius: arrow-radius,
..arrow-style,
name: "variety",
)
content("variety.start", text(size: .8em)[clustered], anchor: "north-west", padding: 3pt)
content("variety.95%", text(size: .8em)[heterogeneous], anchor: "north-west", padding: 3pt)
})